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In this brand new article section - ShortCut - on my website, I share some information I gleaned from books I have recently read. In this particular article, I shall write as to how GIGO - garbage in, garbage out - principle detrimentally affects collating data properly. In other words, GIGO refers to squandering well-prepared data collecting systems by processing unrelated information with them, subsequently resulting in unprecedented outcomes. In that regard, we can say; without incisive questions, big data transforms into cumbersome garbage no matter which intertwined processes were used to extrapolate scant information from any possible database. To get further information, continue to read quoted paragraphs.
"It is also possible, as we shall see with some big data systems that have gone wrong, that without a mechanism to detect garbage and modify the system to work around it, GIGO means that a system will perpetuate error. It begins to function in a world of its own, rather than reflecting the population it is trying to model. For example, systems designed to measure the effectiveness of teachers based on whether students meet expectations for their academic improvement, with no way of dealing with atypical circumstances, have proved to be impressively ineffective(1)."
(1) Clegg, Brian. "Gratituous GIGO." Big Data: How the Information Revolution is Transforming Our Lives.. London: Icon Books, 2017. 28. Print.
Figure - 88.1 https://irishtechnews.ie/gigo-toxic-data-and-the-art-of-blockchain-big-data-insights-with-mark-baker-medichain/